Flowers in Ancient Indian Literature

This is a lovely site that provides information about flowers that figure in the ancient literature of India: Flower of India.

You'll find a list of the flowers included below; one of my favorites is the legend of the "blue lotuses" in the story of Rama and Durga:

Before starting for his battle with Ravana, Rama wanted the blessings of Devi Durga. He came to know that the Goddess would be pleased only if she is worshipped with one hundred 'Neel Kamal' or blue lotuses. Rama, after travelling the whole world, could gather only ninety nine of them. He finally decided to offer one of his eyes, which resembled blue lotuses. Durga, being pleased with the devotion of Rama, appeared before him and blessed him.

(image source) 

Ashok अशोक (Saraca indica) -- Sita Ashok
Pārijāt पारिजात (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis) -- Hār-Singār
Kadamb कदम्ब (Neolamarckia cadamba) -- Kadamb
Kamal कमल (Nelumbo nucifera) -- Lotus
Karnikār कर्णिकार (Pterospermum acerifolium) -- Kanak Champā
Vakul वकुल (Mimusops elengi) -- Maulsari
Mālatī मालती (Aganosma dichotoma) -- Mālatī
Mādhavī Latā माधवी लता (Hiptage benghalensis) -- Mādhavī
Ketakī केतकी (Pandanus odoratissimus ) -- Kewdā केवड़ा
Neel Kamal नील कमल (Nymphaea nouchali/stellata) -- Blue Waterlily
Kund कुंद (Jasminum multiflorum/pubescens) -- Star jasmine
Akund अकुंद (Calotropis gigantea) -- Crown flower
Champak चम्पक (Michelia champaca) -- Champā
Yuthikā यूथिका (Jasminum auriculatum/molle) -- Juhī
Kumud कुमुद (Nymphaea lotus var. pubescens) --White waterlily
Japā kusum जपा कुसुम (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) --China Rose
Vat वट ( Ficus bengalensis) --Banyan
Tamāl तमाल (Garcinia xanthochymus) --Mysore Gamboge
Punnāg पुन्नाग (Calophyllum inophyllum) -- Sultan Champa
Kovidār कोविदार (Bauhinia purpurea) -- Purple orchid tree
Pātal पाटल (Stereospermum chelonoides) -- Paral
Gunjā (Abrus precatorius) -- Gunj
Atasi अतसी (Linum usitatissimum) -- Flax
Bandhook बंधूक (Pentapetes phoenicea) -- Midday Flower